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121.
到目前为止TiO2是较为成熟的半导体光催化材料,但因TiO2分散性差、量子利用率低、比表面积小、难回收等问题难以工业化。多孔金属有机框架MOFs的引入可增强TiO2/MOFs复合材料的光吸收性能,提高电子-空穴对分离和提高回收率。基于TiO2/MOFs制备时前驱体添加顺序不同,综述了TiO2/MOFs的三种制备方法(即Ship-in-a-bottle法、Bottle-around-ship法、One-pot法)及TiO2/MOFs光催化机理与性能影响因素,并探讨不同MOFs与TiO2结合的作用机理。最后,对TiO2/MOFs存在的问题提出建议。 相似文献
122.
The oxy-CO2 methane reforming reaction (OCRM) has been investigated over CoOx supported on a MgO precoated highly macroporous silica–alumina catalyst carrier (SA-5205) at different reaction temperatures (700–900 °C), O2/CH4 ratios (0.3–0.45) and space velocites (20,000–100,000 cc/g/h). The reaction temperature had a profound influence on the OCRM performance over the CoO/MgO/SA-5205 catalyst; the methane conversion, CO2 conversion and H2 selectivity increased while the H2/CO ratio decreased markedly with increasing reaction temperature. While the O2/CH4 ratio did not strongly affect the CH4 and CO2 conversion and H2 selectivity, it had an intense influence on the H2/CO ratio. The CH4 and CO2 conversion and the H2 selectivity decreased while the H2/CO increased with increasing space velocity. The O2/CH4 ratio and the reaction temperature could be used to manipulate the heat of the reaction for the OCRM process. Depending on the O2/CH4 ratio and temperature the OCRM process could be operated in a mildly exothermic, thermal neutral or mildly endothermic mode. The OCRM reaction became almost thermoneutral at an OCRM reaction temperature of 850 °C, O2/CH4 ratio of 0.45 and space velocity of 46,000 cc/g/h. The CH4 conversion and H2 selectivity over the CoO/MgO/SA-5205 catalyst corresponding to thermoneutral conditions were excellent: 95% and 97%, respectively with a H2/CO ratio of 1.8. 相似文献
123.
A solid oxide fuel cell constructed from Ni-SDC anode and LSGM electrolyte was applied to the partial oxidation of methane to syngas (CO+H2) at 700-800 °C with the merits of co-generation of electricity and controllable O2 supply. It was found that the co-generated syngas at H2/CO ratio of 1.4-2.0 varied with applied current densities, CH4 flow rates and operating temperatures. The cell voltage at 100 mA cm−2 and 800 °C was 0.90 V, i.e. about 90 mW cm−2 power density could be obtained. The cell operating at 50 mA cm−2 for 24 h almost showed no degradation of the cell performance. The observed carbon deposition seemed mainly taking place by CH4 cracking reaction. 相似文献
124.
Li?QiuxiaoEmail author Zhang?Gaoyong Peng?Shaoyi 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2002,5(3):229-233
Amination of fatty alcohols by hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalysis is one of the main commercial processes for the
production of dimethylalkylamines. The key factor in this process is the preparation of catalysts with high selectivity. A
study of amination catalyzed by Cu−Ni catalysts supported on CaCO3 is reported in this paper. Selectivity of the catalysts was adjustable by varying the ratio of Cu to Ni or by adding a third
element (Zn or Mg). The promotion of catalyst selectivity was mainly attributable to the effect of the components on the reducibility
of Ni2+ in the catalysts. Lower reducibility of Ni2− led to higher catalyst selectivity. 相似文献
125.
对不饱和聚酯树脂 (UPR)废料裂解制原料油技术进行了研究 ,系统地考察了催化裂解反应工艺条件。试验结果表明 ,催化裂解所需反应温度为 40 0~ 45 0℃ ,反应时间为 70~ 80min ;剂油比 1∶5 ;试验对 4种催化剂的催化性能进行了评价 ,研究表明单独使用YB -2催化剂 ,液相产品收率为 5 8.2 2%~ 5 9.1 4% ;YB -1和YB -2混合使用 ,最高液相产品收率为 68.76%。 相似文献
126.
Masaru Takahashi Tetsu Nakatani Shinji Iwamoto Tsunenori Watanabe Masashi Inoue 《Applied catalysis. B, Environmental》2007,70(1-4):73-79
The solvothermal reaction of mixtures of aluminum isopropoxide (AIP) and gallium acetylacetonate (Ga(acac)3) directly yielded the mixed oxides of γ-Ga2O3-Al2O3. In the solvothermal synthesis, the crystal structure of mixed oxides was controlled by the initial formation of γ-Ga2O3 nuclei. The mixed oxides prepared in diethylenetriamine have extremely high activities for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with methane as a reducing agent. With increasing crystallite size of the spinel structure, the catalytic activity increased. The ratio of the amount of methane consumed by combustion to total methane conversion was proportional to the density of acid sites on the surface of the mixed oxides. The mixed oxide catalysts prepared in diethylenetriamine had lower densities of acid sites and showed a higher methane-efficiency for CH4-SCR than those prepared in other solvents. These catalysts maintained their high activity even when the reaction was carried out under the severe conditions (i.e., high space velocity and low NO concentration). 相似文献
127.
Alper Sarıoğlan Ömer Tunç Savaşçı Ayşe Erdem-Şenatalar Vu Thu Ha Gilbert Sapaly Younès Ben Taârit 《Catalysis Letters》2007,118(1-2):123-128
MFI type inorganic carrier was used in two different cationic forms, hydrogen and calcium respectively. MFI-supported molybdenum
and rhenium catalysts were prepared. The activities of the catalysts were compared for the aromatization reaction of methane.
Higher activity values were attained with the catalysts supported on HZSM-5. Aromatics were also observed with the catalysts
supported on CaZSM-5, despite their deficiency in acid sites. Highly dispersed rhenium is expected to be formed with the use
of the inorganic carrier in calcium form. On the other hand, lower reaction rates were observed with rhenium supported on
CaZSM-5, in spite of the improved dispersion of the active rhenium species on this catalyst. This was interpreted in terms
of the critical role of the acid sites in the conversion of methane to aromatics, compared to the improved dispersion of the
active metal. 相似文献
128.
Pt-V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalysts supported on SiC filter for NO reduction at low temperature 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Joo-Hong Choi Jin-Hyun Kim Young-Cheoul Bak Rose Amal Jason Scott 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2005,22(6):844-851
The catalytic filter, V2O5-WO3-TiO2 supported on a ceramic filter, is known as a promising material for treating particulates and NO
x
simultaneously at optimum temperatures around 320°C. In order to improve its catalytic activity at low temperatures, the
effect of Pt addition on the catalytic filter has been investigated. Catalytic filters, Pt-V2O5-WO3-TiO2/SiC, were prepared by co-impregnation of Pt, V, and W precursors on TiO2 coated-SiC filter by vacuum aided-dip coating. The Pt-added catalytic filter shifted the optimum working temperature from
280–330°C (for the non Pt-impregnated filter) to 180–230°C, providing N
x
slip concentration less than 20 ppm for the treatment of 700 ppm NO at a face velocity of 2 cm/s with the same value over
the non Pt-added catalytic filters. The promotional effect following the addition of Pt is believed to result from electrical
modification of the catalyst maintaining a high electron transfer state. Ammonia oxidation was also observed to be dominant
above the optimal temperature for SCR. 相似文献
129.
In this work, magnesia from natural brucite mineral has been used firstly for catalytic degradation of nitrobenzene and aniline
in presence of ozone. Compared with single ozonation, the catalytic ozonation accelerated markedly the degradation of nitrobenzene
and aniline. The influences of hydroxyl radical scavengers, pH values, and reaction temperatures on degradation were investigated.
It was found that the essential of catalysis was the homogeneous catalysis of hydroxyl ions in water, which accelerated the
generation of hydroxyl radicals. As a catalyst, magnesia from natural brucite has supplied an economical and feasible choice
for catalytic ozonation of nitrobenzene and aniline in industrial wastewater. 相似文献
130.
P.M. lvarez F.J. Beltrn J.P. Pocostales F.J. Masa 《Applied catalysis. B, Environmental》2007,72(3-4):322-330
A series of Co/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method using γ-Al2O3 support and (CH3COO)2Co·4H2O solutions, followed by calcination at 500–800 °C. Characterization of catalysts was accomplished by several techniques such as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), physisorption of nitrogen, mercury and helium-based pycnometries, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and pH of zero charge (PZC). Impregnation of support produced a moderate decrease of its surface area and pore volume and also led to minor changes of its PZC. Depending on preparation conditions (i.e., calcination atmosphere and temperature and metal loading), one or more of the following Co-containing compounds were identified: CoO, Co3O4 and CoAl2O4. The support and prepared Co/Al2O3 catalysts were tested to catalyze the ozonation of aqueous pyruvic acid at pH 2.5. Pyruvic acid was shown refractory towards single ozonation but the use of γ-Al2O3 and Co/Al2O3 catalysts resulted in 56–96% pyruvic acid conversion and 41–78% decrease in DOC after 2 h of ozonation of phosphate-buffered solutions. In the absence of the buffer, conversion rate was enhanced likely as a result of pH increase during the course of the process thus giving rise to the indirect way of ozonation through hydroxyl radicals. Acetic acid was found as the main by-product of pyruvic acid ozonation. Depending on the catalyst used, yield of acetic acid varied from 32 to 49%, values noticeably lower that that obtained from the control non-catalytic ozonation experiment (73%). Differences in catalytic activity amongst the various Co/Al2O3 catalysts investigated were attributed to the different Co active phases deposited on the γ-Al2O3 surface. The following sequence of increasing activity can be inferred from experimental results: CoO, CoAl2O4 and Co3O4. All the Co/Al2O3 catalysts prepared showed good stability as the percentage of cobalt leached out was rather low. 相似文献